Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a condition associated with a nearly irresistible urge to move the legs. Patients may experience pain in the legs, difficulties falling asleep, sleep deprivation, whole-body fatigue or restlessness. As one starts to relax and prepare for sleep, an uncomfortable sensation within the legs begins. Many people describe tingling, itching or pulling within the legs. The condition affects 7 to 10 per cent of the population.
In most cases there is no identifiable underlying cause (primary RLS). Associated conditions that can predispose to secondary RLS include end-stage renal disease, iron deficiency, alcohol use, neuropathy and pregnancy.
Treatment Options
RLS is generally a lifelong condition for which there is no cure. However, current therapies can effectively control and minimise symptoms, allowing better quality of life and sleep. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, iron supplementation, anti-seizure drugs, dopaminergic agents, opioids and benzodiazepines. The most appropriate treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and any contributing underlying factors.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological condition characterised by an irresistible urge to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations such as crawling, tingling, or aching. Symptoms typically worsen at rest, particularly in the evening and at night, and are temporarily relieved by movement.