Varicocele Embolisation

What is Varicocele Embolisation?

Varicocele embolisation is a catheter-based procedure used to treat a varicocele, which is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum similar to varicose veins in the legs. By blocking the faulty vein (the internal spermatic or gonadal vein), blood is redirected through healthier vessels and the varicocele gradually resolves. The procedure is a minimally invasive alternative to open surgical ligation or laparoscopic repair.

How is the Procedure Performed?

The procedure is performed under local anaesthetic and mild sedation. A thin catheter is introduced through a small puncture, usually in the groin or neck, and guided under X-ray imaging to the internal spermatic vein on the affected side. Contrast dye is injected to confirm the diagnosis, and then coils or a sclerosant foam is used to block the vein. The procedure typically takes 30 to 60 minutes and no stitches are required.

Benefits of Embolisation Over Surgery

Varicocele embolisation offers a number of advantages compared to surgical options. It does not require general anaesthetic, leaves no surgical scar in the groin or scrotum, and is associated with a shorter recovery time. It can treat both sides in a single session if needed, and studies show equivalent success rates in relieving discomfort and improving sperm quality compared with open repair.

Recovery and What to Expect

Most patients go home the same day and can return to light activities within two to three days. Some mild scrotal aching may persist for a week or two as the blocked vein resolves. Heavy lifting and strenuous exercise should be avoided for a week. A follow-up appointment will be arranged to assess symptom improvement and, if fertility is a concern, to arrange a repeat semen analysis after three to six months.

Testicular Vein Embolisation (Varicocoele Embolisation)

Testicular vein embolisation is a minimally invasive, image-guided procedure used to treat symptomatic varicocoeles, which are enlarged veins around the testicle that may cause pain, discomfort, testicular atrophy or fertility concerns. The procedure is performed under local anaesthetic with light sedation, without the need for surgical incisions.

During the treatment, Dr Marek Garbowski FRACS (Vasc) accesses a vein, usually in the groin or neck, using a small catheter. Under X-ray guidance, the catheter is advanced into the affected testicular vein, where specialised coils and/or a medical sclerosant are used to permanently close the abnormal vein. This redirects blood flow into healthy veins, relieving venous congestion around the testicle.

Testicular vein embolisation is typically performed as a day procedure and is associated with minimal discomfort, rapid recovery and a high success rate. Most patients can return to normal daily activities within 24 to 48 hours.

At Perth Vascular Clinic, Dr Marek Garbowski provides comprehensive assessment and minimally invasive treatment of varicocoeles, with a focus on symptom relief, preservation of testicular function and improved quality of life.